Common excavator structures include: power unit, working unit, slewing mechanism, operating mechanism, transmission mechanism, walking mechanism and auxiliary facilities.
1. Walking device
The traveling device is the chassis, including the crawler frame and the traveling system. It is mainly composed of the crawler frame, the traveling motor + reducer and its pipelines, driving wheels, guide wheels, sprocket wheels, supporting wheels, crawlers, and tensioning buffer devices.
2. Working device
The working device is the main part of the hydraulic excavator. At present, the SY series excavator is equipped with a backhoe working device. The backhoe working device consists of a boom, a stick, a bucket, a rocker, a connecting rod, and includes a boom cylinder, bucket It is composed of the main parts such as the hydraulic pipeline of the working device including the rod cylinder and the bucket cylinder.
3. Power transmission route table
Travel power transmission route: diesel engine-coupling-hydraulic pump (mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy)-distribution valve-central rotary joint-traveling motor (hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy)-reduction gear box-drive wheel ——Track chain crawler——Realize walking
Rotational motion transmission route: diesel engine-coupling-hydraulic pump (mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy)-distribution valve-slewing motor (hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy)-reduction gear box-slewing ring-to achieve rotation
Boom movement transmission route: Diesel engine-coupling-hydraulic pump (mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy)-distribution valve-boom cylinder (hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy)-realize boom movement
Stick movement transmission route: Diesel engine-coupling-hydraulic pump (mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy)-distribution valve-stick cylinder (hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy)-to achieve stick movement
Bucket movement transmission route: Diesel engine-coupling-hydraulic pump (mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy)-distribution valve-bucket cylinder (hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy)-realizing bucket movement
4. The composition and function of the power system
Air intake system-mesh cover → hose → air filter → hose → turbocharger → hose → intercooler → hose → engine·Exhaust system—supercharger → expansion joint → muffler → exhaust pipe·Cooling system ——Water tank → hose → thermostat → water pump → diesel engine → hose → water tank·throttle control system-stepper motor → reducer → worm gear drive → throttle cable → diesel engine throttle-high idle speed, low idle speed limit switch · fuel system.
Fuel inlet system: fuel tank → hose → hand oil pump → coarse filter → fine filter → diesel engine
Oil return system: diesel engine → hose → fuel tank (the oil return volume is relatively large, use it for partial cooling)