Most excavators use three-reinforced track shoes, and a few use flat bottom track shoes. When designing a three-reinforced track shoe, first find the ground contact pressure and the meshing soil capacity between the track reinforcement and the ground to ensure the necessary adhesion; secondly, the track shoe should have higher bending strength and wear resistance. Three-rib track shoes generally have two mud cleaning holes. When the track shoe rotates around the drive wheel, the silt on the chain track section can be automatically removed with the help of gear teeth, so the mud removal hole should be located between the two screw holes that fix the track shoe on the chain track section.
For crawler walking devices used in marshes or farmland, in order to protect the ground surface and reduce turning resistance, it is more appropriate to use extended crawlers and flat bottom crawlers. In order to ensure that when the track chain is at any position (including grounding, rotation around the driving wheel and guide wheel, and upper suspension position), the adjacent track shoes will not be caught in the middle of the stone and cause excessive stress. The distance is adjusted very accurately, and the lap lip of the appropriate shape should be designed. The function of the lap lip is to make the track shoes close to each other to form a belt that connects end to end. The track shoes should be installed sequentially in the same direction. The smaller the pitch of the track, the smaller the increase when the track chain runs between the driving wheel and the guide wheel. In this way, the running uniformity is good, the wear of the crawler chain is low, and the driving efficiency is high when walking. But the minimum pitch value should be determined according to the machine weight and the number of rows of the crawler chain. The hole spacing on the two rows of chain rails for installing the track shoes should generally be larger in order to replace track shoes with different ground pressures. The walking device used in the swamp requires a very wide track shoe and track surface, and this kind of ultra-wide track shoe sometimes has a high bending stress. For example, when the excavator is working on the ground mixed with residual tree roots, because the heavy part of the machine falls on a certain track shoe supported by the tree roots, the track shoe produces very high bending stress, which affects the track. The life of the board. In order to prevent damage and bending of the track shoe, the section coefficient and bending strength must be improved. To increase the section coefficient, you must increase the height of the track bars, but this will significantly increase the turning resistance and affect the mobility of the excavator. Therefore, steel-rolled hollow track shoes should be used for walking devices with a width of more than 700 mm for marshland use. Most of the two ends of the track shoes used in marshland are made into slope angles, which is convenient to protect the ground surface, reduce turning resistance and subsidence, and when walking on hard ground, the support arm is shortened, which can reduce the bending moment carried by the edge .
Excavators with track shoes with a width of more than 800 mm are mainly used in swamps and should not be used in general occasions. Excavators with widened and elongated crawler walking devices are particularly suitable for pipeline engineering.